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Causes of appendicitis |
| PRIMARY CAUSES OF APPENDICITIS |
| Idiopathic lymphatic hyperplasia Fecalith obstruction |
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| SECONDARY CAUSES OF APPENDICITIS |
| Inflammatory |
| Crohn's disease |
| Ulcerative Colitis |
| Sarcoidosis |
| Granulomatous appendicitis |
| Infective |
| Bacterial (Tuberculosis, Typhus, Actinomycosis, E. coli and B. fragilis, Pseudomonas, Yersinia, Eikenella corrodens infections) |
| Viral (Adenovirus, Cytomegalovirus infections) |
| Fungal (Aspergillosis, Histoplasmosis) |
| Parasitic (Enterobius vermicularis, Strongyloides stercoralis, Entamoeba histolytica infections, Ascariasis, Schistosomiasis, Cryptosporidiosis, Taeniasis) |
| Neoplastic |
| Primary neoplasm (Adenoma, Mucinous cystadenomas, Cystadeno-carcinomas, Carcinoid tumors, Mesenchymal tumors) |
| Metastasis from other organs (stomach, lung, femal genital tract) |
| Lymphoma-leukemia |
| Endometriosis |
| Ischemic |
| Vascular occlusion for thrombosis, vasculitis |
| Neurogenic |
| Neural proliferations and/or increased number of endocrine cells |
| Foreign body obstruction |
| Small chicken and fish bones, portion of wire, nail, cherry stone, piece of glass, dislocated intrauterine contraceptive device, dislocated biliary stent |
Fiume et al. World Journal of Emergency Surgery 2006 1:11 doi:10.1186/1749-7922-1-11 |